Osborne, Ashley D. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2409-0130
Yasova Barbeau, Daphna
Gladdis, Tiffany https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8614-4990
Hansen, Kara https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4684-6963
Branche, Tonia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0453-7799
Miller, Emily R. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3268-1440
Pazandak, Christine C.
Hoge, Margaret K. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9216-6627
Spencer, Michelle
Montoya-Williams, Diana https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5882-1181
Barbeau, Ryan
Padratzik, Heather
Lassen, Stephen
Funding for this research was provided by:
Daphna Yasova Barbeau has participated in consultative services for Chiesi USA and receives an educational grant to help support The Incubator Podcast.
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (T37MD014248)
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Jerry M. Lewis, M.D. Mental Health Research Foundation
Article History
Received: 21 May 2024
Revised: 5 November 2024
Accepted: 21 November 2024
First Online: 7 December 2024
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Throughout this article we use the term “parent” to describe the primary caregiver(s) of the infant in the NICU. When the term “mother” or “father” is used, it describes the terminology as used by the study described. We realize that families are diverse and are sensitive to the fact that this nomenclature may not describe all families.