Varma, Pavika https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6408-9065
Zaniletti, Isabella https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1234-3468
Murthy, Karna
Grover, Theresa R.
Hwang, Sunah S. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2661-4049
Bourque, Stephanie L. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4938-7296
Article History
Received: 15 August 2024
Revised: 2 April 2025
Accepted: 17 April 2025
First Online: 24 April 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All methods were performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. The Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute’s Institutional Review Board (Chicago, IL) approved this analysis (#2011-14673). Each participating site has ongoing local IRB approval for participation in the CHND registry and participation was deemed to be non-human subjects research with a waiver of consent approved.