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Authors
Simpson, Samantha L. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8243-312X
Mena, Kylie
Cortezzo, DonnaMaria E. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7555-7829
Liu, Chunyan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4096-3210
Ehrlich, Shelley R.
Eaton, Sarah
Fu, Ting Ting https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1522-7219
Beck, Andrew F.
Greenberg, James M. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4463-9714
Miller, Emily R. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3268-1440
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
CCHMC Young Investigator Diversity Research Award
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Article History
Received: 7 February 2025
Revised: 30 May 2025
Accepted: 28 July 2025
First Online: 20 August 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests. TTF has a speaking agreement with Medela, LLC.
: This study was approved by the Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center Institutional Review Board (2022-0270) and the TriHealth Institutional Review Board (22-096). Waivers of informed consent and HIPAA Authorization were granted. All methods were performed in accordance with the IRB approvals and relevant guidelines, policies, and regulations.
