Osborn, Erika K. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1027-5433
Sultana, Zakia
Bala, Faith
Alshaikh, Enas
Jadcherla, Sudarshan R. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9007-8850
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UL1TR002733)
Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (R01 DK 068158)
Article History
Received: 27 May 2025
Revised: 14 August 2025
Accepted: 5 September 2025
First Online: 17 September 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Informed parental consent was obtained before the diagnostic pH-impedance study. Approval for the use of data from these subjects was obtained by the Nationwide Children’s Hospital Institutional Review Board, and Health Insurance Portability and Accountability guidelines were followed. Studies were performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.