Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Majeedi, Abrar https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5615-5613
Peebles, Patrick J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9724-9456
Li, Yin https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4173-9453
McAdams, Ryan M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9579-1698
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 21 May 2025
Revised: 11 September 2025
Accepted: 13 October 2025
First Online: 27 October 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study was reviewed by the institutional review boards (IRB) at UnityPoint-Meriter, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, and the University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, and determined to meet the criteria for exemption under secondary research. The informed consent was waived. The study was performed in accordance with the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki.
: This study was approved by the University of Wisconsin-Madison IRB (Minimal Risk Research, Approval 11/16/2023, Submission ID 2023-1337). All images depict internal airway anatomy without facial or other identifying features. Per IRB determination, written informed consent for publication of these non-identifiable images was not required.
