Duh-Leong, Carol https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5648-580X
Ghassabian, Akhgar
Cowell, Whitney
Shahin, Sarvenaz
Liu, Mengling
Kannan, Kurunthachalam
Pierce, Kristyn A. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0892-5393
Mehta-Lee, Shilpi S. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8126-9631
Long, Sara E.
Wang, Yuyan
Yang, Wenqing
Afanasyeva, Yelena
Trasande, Leonardo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1928-597X
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (K23ES035461, R00ES032029)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | NIH Office of the Director (UG3/UH3OD023305)
Article History
Received: 14 December 2024
Revised: 18 September 2025
Accepted: 21 October 2025
First Online: 11 November 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.