Fogarty, Fiona https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8129-5927
Pavilonis, Brian
Shin, Jin
Cheng, Zhongqi
Lahage, Nadine
Kocherlakota, Prabhakar
McDermott, Suzanne
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (R840454)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (R840454)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (R840454)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (R840454)
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (R840454)
Article History
Received: 14 March 2025
Revised: 6 October 2025
Accepted: 10 November 2025
First Online: 4 December 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Informed consent was collected from all participants. All protocols relating to human subjects involved in the study were reviewed and approved by the City University of New York Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy Institutional Review Board (IRB) (Protocol # 2020-0882). All methods were performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations.