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Authors
Zeiler, Bailey
Bahr, Timothy M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7946-0290
Esplin, Samuel D.
Hartnett, M. Elizabeth
Ilstrup, Sarah J. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7680-2569
Ohls, Robin K. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2865-8878
Christensen, Robert D. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5872-582X
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Article History
Received: 26 August 2025
Revised: 22 October 2025
Accepted: 10 November 2025
First Online: 26 November 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The protocol for conducting this retrospective, deidentified, records review was approved by the Intermountain Health Institutional Review Board with a waiver of informed consent (IRB # 1051715). All methods were performed in accordance with United States Department of Health and Human Services regulations, including the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) and the Federal Policy for the Protection of Human Subjects (Common Rule, 45 CFR 46).
