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Authors
Hall, Stephanie https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0007-0044
August, Deanne https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7204-7065
Hall, Jennifer
Ullman, Amanda J. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8860-5319
Marsh, Nicole https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5779-1304
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Australian Nurses Memorial Centre, Beth Cuthbertson Scholarship
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Article History
Received: 17 November 2025
Revised: 3 March 2026
Accepted: 25 March 2026
First Online: 17 April 2026
Competing interests
: AJUs employer has received investigator-initiated research grants from vascular access product manufacturers (Biolife, Eloquest, Solventum), unrelated to the submitted work. NM: Griffith University and The University of Queensland have received on her behalf investigator-initiated grants from Eloquest, Cardinal Health, 3M, and Biolife, and consultancy payments for lectures or opinions from 3M, Medline, and Wolters Kluwer, unrelated to this work. All other authors declare no conflicts of interest. The authors did not use artificial intelligence to conduct or develop study manuscripts.
: This is a scoping review that required ethical approval to undertake.
