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Article History

Received: 9 December 2025

Revised: 8 February 2026

Accepted: 25 March 2026

First Online: 15 April 2026

Competing interests

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: During the experimental phase of this study, the authors used ChatGPT-4o (OpenAI) to generate simulated responses for the AI condition in our comparison of AI versus human performance in answering questions. All AI-generated responses were critically reviewed and systematically edited by the authors to ensure clinical appropriateness and alignment with the experimental framework. The authors take full responsibility for the validity, analysis, and interpretation of the final results presented in this publication.

: The ethics related to this study complied with the Helsinki Declaration. Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Ethics Committee of our university (SJUPN-202132). The study consisted of two components: analysis of social media data and in-person participant assessment. For the human participant component, the purpose of the research was clearly explained to all participants. Only individuals who fully understood the study and voluntarily agreed to participate were included. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection. Privacy and confidentiality were strictly maintained throughout the study. For the social media data component, only publicly available content was used. No personally identifiable information was collected or reported. In accordance with ethical guidelines for internet research, informed consent was not required for the use of publicly accessible data. All data were anonymized during analysis to ensure privacy and minimize risk. All data collection and use complied with the privacy policies and terms of service of the respective social media platforms.