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Authors
Elsisy, Mohamed F. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8184-9203
Lam, Fred Z.
Naguib, Mark M.
Dees, Mary E.
Gay, James C.
Nicholson, George T.
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Article History
Received: 14 February 2026
Revised: 27 March 2026
Accepted: 10 April 2026
First Online: 20 April 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All methods were performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. The study was exempted by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) at Vanderbilt University Medical Center (IRB # 241881) in agreement with the common rule (45 CFR 46.104 (d) category (4) (ii)). The informed consent was waived due to the use of de-identified data from the PHIS database and the retrospective nature of this study.
