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Authors
Carr, Nicholas R. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2488-2568
Fulmer, Makenzie L.
Rumpel, Jennifer https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5883-218X
Makkar, Abhishek https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4654-0566
Mahmood, Burhan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6585-992X
Keene, Sarah
Rintoul, Natalie
Taylor Wild, K. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0016-078X
Ashrafi, Amir
Gogcu, Semsa https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0429-9404
Rau, Carrie
Pattison, David
Best, Hunter
Boyden, Steven E.
Mao, Rong
Brunelli, Luca
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Article History
Received: 6 January 2026
Revised: 13 April 2026
Accepted: 15 May 2026
First Online: 28 May 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study was coordinated through the University of Utah, which served as the single institutional review board (IRB) of record and core data coordinating center. Participating sites were members of the Children’s Hospitals Neonatal Consortium (CHNC). All sites obtained local IRB reliance through the IRB Exchange (IREx) platform. Written informed consent was obtained from at least one biological parent before shipment of samples to the sequencing laboratory. This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional review boards at all participating sites and with the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki.
