Cortes, Jorge E. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8636-1071
Sasaki, Koji http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9140-0610
Kim, Dong-Wook
Hughes, Timothy P. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0910-3730
Etienne, Gabriel
Mauro, Michael J. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2251-4032
Hochhaus, Andreas http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0626-0834
Lang, Fabian
Heinrich, Michael C. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3790-0478
Breccia, Massimo http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1163-6162
Deininger, Michael http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2987-1331
Goh, Yeow Tee http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7069-0997
Janssen, Jeroen J.W.M.
Talpaz, Moshe
de Soria, Valle Gomez Garcia
le Coutre, Philipp
DeAngelo, Daniel J. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7865-2306
Damon, Andrea
Cacciatore, Silvia
Polydoros, Fotis
Agrawal, Nithya http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4279-8324
Rea, Delphine
Funding for this research was provided by:
Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation
Article History
Received: 8 March 2024
Revised: 1 May 2024
Accepted: 2 May 2024
First Online: 16 May 2024
Competing interests
: JEC <i>Novartis</i>, <i>Pfizer</i>, <i>Takeda, Sun Pharma, Terns Pharma, Incyte</i>, and <i>Bristol Myers Squibb</i>: consulting fees; <i>Novartis</i>, <i>Pfizer</i>, <i>Takeda, Sun Pharma, Ascentage:</i> institutional research support. KS <i>Novartis</i>: research funding, honoraria. D-WK <i>Novartis</i>, <i>Bristol Myers Squibb</i>, <i>Pfizer</i>, <i>IL-YANG</i>, and <i>Takeda</i>: grants. TPH <i>Novartis</i>, <i>Bristol Myers Squibb</i>, and <i>Enliven</i>: consultancy, research funding. GE <i>BMS</i>, <i>Incyte Biosciences</i>, <i>Novartis</i>, and <i>Pfizer</i>: speaker. MJM <i>Bristol Myers Squibb</i>, <i>Takeda</i>, and <i>Pfizer</i>: personal fees. AH <i>Bristol Myers Squibb</i>, <i>Pfizer</i>: institutional research support; <i>Novartis</i> and <i>Incyte</i>: institutional research support, personal fees. FL <i>Bristol Myers Squibb</i>, <i>Incyte</i>, and <i>Celgene</i>: consultancy, honoraria; <i>Novartis</i>: consultancy, honoraria, and research funding. MCH <i>Novartis</i>, <i>Deciphera</i>, <i>Theseus</i>, and <i>Blueprint Medicines</i>: consultancy; <i>Deciphera</i>: speaker’s bureau; <i>Jonathan David Foundation</i>, <i>VA Merit Review Grant (I01BX005358)</i>, and <i>NCI R21 grant (R21CA263400):</i> partial salary support. Prior to 2019, MCH held an equity interest in <i>MolecularMD</i>. MCH holds multiple patents on the diagnosis and/or treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors; one patent on treatment has been licensed by <i>Oregon Health & Science University</i> to <i>Novartis</i>. MB <i>Bristol Myers Squibb</i>, <i>Celgene</i>, <i>Pfizer</i>, <i>Incyte</i>, and <i>Novartis</i>: consultancy and honoraria; <i>AbbVie</i>: consultancy. MD <i>Fusion Pharma</i>, <i>Blueprint</i>, <i>Pfizer</i>, <i>Novartis</i>, <i>Medscape</i>, and <i>Sangamo</i>: consultancy; <i>Pfizer</i>: research funding; <i>Takeda</i>, <i>Sangamo</i>, and <i>Blueprint</i>: membership on board of directors or advisory committees. YTG <i>Pfizer</i>, <i>Johnson & Johnson</i>, <i>Amgen</i>, <i>MSD Pharma</i>, <i>Novartis</i>, <i>EUSA Pharma</i>, <i>Roche</i>, <i>Bristol Myers Squibb</i>, and <i>AbbVie</i>: honoraria. JJWMJ <i>Novartis</i> and <i>Bristol Myers Squibb</i>: research funding; <i>Incyte</i>: speaker’s fee; <i>AbbVie</i>, <i>Novartis</i>, <i>Pfizer</i>, and <i>Incyte</i>: honoraria; <i>AbbVie</i>, <i>Alexion</i>, <i>Amgen</i>, <i>Astellas</i>, <i>Bristol Myers Squibb</i>, <i>Daiichi Sankyo</i>, <i>Janssen-Cilag</i>, <i>Olympus</i>, <i>Incyte</i>, <i>Sanofi Genzyme</i>, <i>Servier</i>, <i>Jazz</i>, and <i>Takeda</i>: support for <i>Apps for Care and Science</i> nonprofit foundation of which J.J.W.M.J. is president. MT <i>IMAGO</i>: consultancy; <i>Novartis</i> and <i>Takeda</i>: research funding; <i>Constellation Pharmaceuticals</i> and <i>Bristol Myers Squibb</i>: membership on board of directors or advisory committees. VGGS <i>Novartis</i>, <i>Pfizer</i>, <i>Bristol Myers Squibb</i>, and <i>Incyte</i>: grants, nonfinancial support, and honoraria. PC <i>Pfizer</i>, <i>Novartis</i>, and <i>Incyte</i>: honoraria. DJD <i>AbbVie</i>, <i>Novartis</i>, <i>Blueprint</i>, and <i>GlycoMimetics</i>: grants; <i>AbbVie</i>, <i>Novartis</i>, <i>Blueprint</i>, and <i>GlycoMimetics</i>: research funding; <i>AbbVie</i>, <i>Amgen</i>, <i>Autolus</i>, <i>Blueprint</i>, <i>Forty-Seven</i>, <i>GlycoMimetics</i>, <i>Incyte</i>, <i>Jazz</i>, <i>Kite</i>, <i>Novartis</i>, <i>Pfizer</i>, <i>Servier</i>, and <i>Takeda</i>; consulting. <i>AbbVie</i>, <i>Amgen</i>, <i>Autolus</i>, <i>Blueprint</i>, <i>Forty-Seven</i>, <i>GlycoMimetics</i>, <i>Incyte</i>, <i>Jazz</i>, <i>Kite</i>, <i>Novartis</i>, <i>Pfizer</i>, <i>Servier</i>, and <i>Takeda</i>: personal fees. AD, SC, FP, and NA are employees of <i>Novartis</i>. DR <i>Novartis</i>, <i>Pfizer</i>, and <i>Incyte</i>: personal fees.
: The protocol was approved by the sites’ institutional review boards and/or ethics committees. The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and the Good Clinical Practice Guidelines of the International Conference on Harmonization. All patients provided written informed consent.