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Article History

Received: 5 February 2025

Revised: 5 June 2025

Accepted: 3 July 2025

First Online: 16 July 2025

Competing interests

: DTS serves on the scientific advisory board at Kurome Therapeutics and is a consultant for and/or received funding from Kurome Therapeutics. DTS has equity in Kurome Therapeutics. The other authors declare no relevant competing interests.

: All methods described in this manuscript were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations. The animal experiments in this study were performed in compliance with Cincinnati Children’s Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) under the following protocol (2022-0054). Patient samples were obtained with written informed consent and approval of the institutional review board of Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati, or from the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG). These samples had been obtained within the framework of routine diagnostic BM aspirations after written informed consent in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. De-identified leukemic cells were obtained following consent under the IRB approved Study ID #2008-0021.

: The RNA sequencing data from this study are available on GEO (GSE298391). Cell lines used in these studies are publicly available through commercial sources or may be made available from the authors upon written request and material transfer agreement approval. The authors are also glad to share guidance regarding protocols and assays used in these studies upon written request.