Pérez-Amill, Lorena
Armand-Ugón, Mercedes https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4069-9915
Val-Casals, Maria https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2481-3295
Martín-Herreros, Beatriz https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7286-9555
Álamo, José R.
Peña, Sergio https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1619-3990
Frigola, Gerard https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6794-6456
Altuna, Ane https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8350-1609
Santos, Claudio
Guijarro, Francesca https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6376-0929
Minguela, Alfredo
Bataller, Àlex https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6085-2745
Casanovas-Albertí, Berta https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5728-2932
Uribe-Herranz, Mireia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2618-1116
Navarro, Irene
Guerreiro, Manuel https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5978-2578
Sánchez-Martínez, Diego
Tirado, Néstor
Velasco-Hernandez, Talía https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2183-7443
Menéndez, Pablo
Martínez, Antonio
Rovira, Montse
Colomer, Dolors https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7486-8484
González-Navarro, E. Azucena
Esteve, Jordi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8056-648X
Urbano-Ispizua, Álvaro
Montesinos, Pau https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3275-5593
Delgado, Julio https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5157-4376
Juan, Manel https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3064-1648
Klein-González, Nela https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4593-6457
Article History
Received: 18 November 2024
Revised: 17 June 2025
Accepted: 7 July 2025
First Online: 6 August 2025
Competing interests
: PM is a cofounder of OneChain ImmunoTx, a spin-off company unrelated to this work. LP, MAU, SP, and NKG are employees of Gyala Therapeutics S.L., NKG is partially employed by Gyala Therapeutics S.L., a spin-off company of the Hospital Clínic of Barcelona related to this work. CS is the CEO of Gyala Therapeutics S.L., a spin-off company related to this work. LP, CS, MJ, and NKG declare to be co-inventors in the patent of PCT/EP2023/050194. MJ declares Research Funding from Gyala Therapeutics S.L.
: All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations, including the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval for the use of human samples was obtained from the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, under protocol numbers HCB/2021/0977 and HCB/2016/0045. Informed consent was obtained from all participants or their legal guardians prior to sample collection (reference code R121004-094). Approval for experiments involving animals was obtained from the Animal Experimentation Ethics Committee of Generalitat de Catalunya, under protocol number 11577.