Dhir, Arjun
Ethell, Alexander
Watkins, Riley
Lam, Calvin https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2768-4230
Tur-Rodriguez, Kevin
Persinger, Jimmie
Dobish, Kasidy K.
Panda, Sipra https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7145-6273
Buckley, Shannon M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0523-2893
Swenson, Samantha A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5650-3841
Brahma, Sandipan
Rowley, M. Jordan
Hyde, R. Katherine https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2808-1749
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (R01 CA244900)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (T32 CA009476)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R00 GM138920)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R35 GM147467)
Article History
Received: 16 May 2025
Revised: 23 September 2025
Accepted: 27 October 2025
First Online: 10 November 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All animal experiments were approved by the University of Nebraska Medical Center IACUC under protocols 19-092-07 and 25-047-08 in accordance with NIH guidelines. Collection of human samples was approved by each institution’s IRB committee. Informed consent was obtained from all patients prior to sample collection. No identifiable images from human research participants are included in this manuscript.