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: AF received honoraria from Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd., and Abbvie GK, outside of the submitted work. T Maeda received honoraria from Bristol-Myers Squibb KK, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Nippon Shinyaku Co., Ltd., Novartis Pharma K.K., Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Sanofi K.K., Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, AstraZeneca KK, Abbvie GK, Genmab A/S, Pfizer Japan Inc., Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation, Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Argenx Japan K.K., Eisai Co., Ltd., Fujimoto Pharmaceutical Corporation, Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd., and BeiGene Ltd., outside of the submitted work. ND received consulting fees from Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., and received honoraria from Nippon Shinyaku Co., Ltd., Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Novartis Pharma K.K., Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Abbvie GK, AstraZeneca K.K., Astellas Pharma Inc., Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Sanofi K.K., Merck & Co., Inc., Pfizer Japan Inc., and Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, outside of the submitted work. NF received research grants from Abbvie GK, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Chordia therapeutics Inc., Genmab A/S, Haihe Biopharma Co., Ltd., Incyte Corporation, Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., Loxo Oncology Inc., Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, and received honoraria from Abbvie GK, AstraZeneca K.K., Bristol-Myers Squibb K.K., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., CSL Behring K.K., Eisai Co., Ltd., Eli Lilly and Company, Genmab A/S, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., Nippon Shinyaku Co., Ltd., Novartis Pharma K.K., Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Sanofi K.K., SymBio Pharmaceuticals Limited, and Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, outside of the submitted work. H.G. received research grants from Gilead Sciences Inc. and Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., and received honoraria from Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., Bristol-Myers Squibb K.K., Abbvie GK, Genmab A/S, Gilead Sciences Inc., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Novartis Pharma K.K., Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, and Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., outside of the submitted work. T Miyazaki received honoraria from Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., AstraZeneca K.K., Novartis Pharma K.K., Astellas Pharma Inc., Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd., and Arkray Inc., outside of the submitted work. KM received research grants from Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., and Zenyaku Kogyo Co., Ltd., and received honoraria from Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., AstraZeneca K.K., Novartis Pharma K.K., Incyte Corporation, Eisai Co., Ltd., Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation, Abbvie GK, SymBio Pharmaceuticals Limited, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Genmab A/S, Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd., Bristol-Myers Squibb K.K., Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., Gilead Sciences Inc., and Nippon Shinyaku Co., Ltd., outside of the submitted work. M.Y. received research grants from AstraZeneca K.K., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Genmab A/S, Incyte Corporation, Abbvie GK, and SymBio Pharmaceuticals Limited, received consulting fees from Genmab A/S, BeiGene Ltd., Nihon Servier Co. Ltd., Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., SymBio Pharmaceuticals Limited, and Nippon Medac Co., Ltd., and received honoraria from Abbvie GK, Bristol-Myers Squibb K.K., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Genmab A/S, Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd., Merck & Co., Inc., Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., SymBio Pharmaceuticals Limited, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Eisai Co., Ltd., and Nihon Servier Co. Ltd., outside of the submitted work. F.I. received research grants from Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., Hokuto Japan Co., Ltd., and CSL Behring K.K., received consulting fees from Kissei Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and received honoraria from AstraZeneca K.K., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., PharmaEssentia Japan K.K., Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and Eisai Co., Ltd., outside of the submitted work. RS received research grants from Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Taiho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Eisai Co., Ltd., Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd., and Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and received honoraria from Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., Abbvie GK, Bristol-Myers Squibb K.K., Eisai Co., Ltd., Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Nippon Shinyaku Co., Ltd., Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd., Novartis Pharma K.K., SymBio Pharmaceuticals Limited, Astellas Pharma Inc., Nihon Servier Co. Ltd., Asahi Kasei Pharma Corporation, Pfizer Japan Inc., and AstraZeneca K.K., outside of the submitted work. The other authors have no financial conflicts of interest to disclose.

: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the ethical committee of Shimane University (approval number: KS20211027-1) as well as the institutional review boards of all participating institutes. All procedures were performed in accordance with the Japanese Ethical Guidelines for Medical and Biological Research Involving Human Subjects. Informed consent was obtained using an opt-out method due to the retrospective nature of this study, in compliance with Japanese guidelines and regulations. Details of this study were publicly disclosed on the websites of all participating institutes, thereby providing patients with the opportunity to decline participation.

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