Wang, Xiaoli https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7220-4390
Davis, Andrew https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8259-3174
Hu, Cing Siang
Huang, Fei
Jiang, Sophia https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8546-2555
Mascarenhas, John https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8400-0483
Hoffman, Ronald https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6564-6732
Funding for this research was provided by:
X.W. has received research funding for this work from Geron Corporation and Janssen Research & Development LLC.
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | NCI | Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (P01 CA108671)
Article History
Received: 29 September 2025
Revised: 4 December 2025
Accepted: 27 January 2026
First Online: 3 February 2026
Competing interests
: FH is currently an employee of Geron Corporation. JM has received consulting/advisory fees from Abbvie, Incyte, BMS, Novartis, Sobi, Geron, Karyopharm, DISC, Sumitomo, Keros, Takeda, Merck, Pfizer, Italfarmaco, Blueprint Medicines and PharmaEssentia, and research funding from Incyte, Novartis, AbbVie, Ajax, BMS, Geron, Kartos, Karyopharm, DISC, PharmaEssentia, and Italfarmaco Spa. Other authors have nothing to disclose.