Loghavi, Sanam https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8980-3202
Farhat, Aziz
Jamison, Trevor J.
El Hajjar, Georgina https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5596-5966
Bataller, Alex https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6085-2745
Wang, Sa A. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9385-9911
Wang, Wei https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6821-4556
Tang, Guilin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9482-4806
Quesada, Andres E. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5304-7828
Bazinet, Alexandre https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5538-4943
Cuglievan, Branko https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6917-2244
DiNardo, Courtney D. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9003-0390
Montalban-Bravo, Guillermo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4533-5176
Takahashi, Koichi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8027-9659
Short, Nicholas J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2983-2738
Abbas, Hussein A. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2946-3562
Kadia, Tapan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9892-9832
Ravandi, Farhad https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7621-377X
Daver, Naval https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7103-373X
Jabbour, Elias https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4465-6119
Borthakur, Gautam https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7679-6453
Andreeff, Michael https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1144-1958
Medeiros, L. Jeffrey https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6577-8006
Kantarjian, Hagop M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1908-3307
Issa, Ghayas C. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4339-8683
Funding for this research was provided by:
American Society of Hematology
ASH HONORS Award
Andrew Sabin Family Foundation
UT | University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (Faculty Scholar Award)
Article History
Received: 4 July 2025
Revised: 27 January 2026
Accepted: 24 February 2026
First Online: 11 March 2026
Competing interests
: SL reports consultancy/ad board funding from: Guidepoint, QualWorld, Gerson Lehrman Group, AlphaSight, Arima, Qiagen, Opinion Health, Abbvie, Daiichi Sankyo, BluePrint Medicine, Caris Diagnostics, Recordati, and Servier; Kura Oncology, Syndax; Grant and contract support from: Astellas, Amgen; Honoraria for lectures from: Pathology Education Partners, VJ HemeOnc, College of American Pathologists, OncLive, ICCS, MD Education, NCCN, MashUp Media, NCTN, Aptitude Health; travel and accommodations support from: Pathology Education Partners, VJ HemeOnc, College of American Pathologists, ICCS, MD Education, NCCN, MashUp Media, Binay Foundation, and stock from: Abbvie. HK reports consulting fees from AbbVie, Amgen, Ascentage Pharma Group Inc., Bristol-Myers Squibb, Curis, Daiichi Sankyo, ImmunoGen, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Novartis, Pfizer Brazil, Shenzhen TargetRx, Stemline, and Takeda, and honoraria from AbbVie, Amgen, Amphista, Ascentage Pharma Group Inc., Astellas, Infinity BiologiX, Ipsen, KAHR Medical, and Labcorp. GCI received research funding from Kura Oncology, Cullinan Oncology, Syndax Pharmaceuticals, Astex, Novartis, Sumitomo and consultancy or advisory board fees from NuProbe, Pupil Bio, AbbVie, Novartis, Sanofi, AstraZeneca, Syndax and Kura Oncology.
: The authors confirm that all methods were performed in accordance with the relevant institutional guidelines and regulations. The authors confirm that approval was obtained from MDACC IRB (PA17-0485). No live vertebrate studies were performed. The authors confirm that informed consent was obtained from all study participants. No identifiable images are included in this study.