Munawar, Umair https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9710-9923
Thurner, Johanna
Nerreter, Silvia
Nerreter, Thomas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0493-1369
Leipold, Alexander M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9471-3276
Han, Seungbin https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1117-3102
Verbruggen, Christina https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4162-2188
Gerhard-Hartmann, Elena
Vogt, Cornelia
Grams, Björn
Kurian, Shilpa
Besant, Emma
Roth, Sabine
Weingart, Julia
Eiring, Patrick
Truger, Marietta
Afrin, Nazia
Steinbrunn, Torsten https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8793-9998
Tamamushi, Yoko
Zhou, Xiang
Rein, Nina
Lehmann, Johanna
Köppel, Max
Rosenwald, Andreas
Haferlach, Claudia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6333-5049
Hudecek, Michael https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2280-2202
Saliba, Antoine-Emmanuel https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8539-2784
Rasche, Leo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9536-9649
Sauer, Markus https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1692-3219
Einsele, Hermann https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7680-0819
Kuster, Bernhard https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9094-1677
Waldschmidt, Johannes https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5340-1818
Kortüm, K. Martin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7011-0286
Funding for this research was provided by:
Deutsche Krebshilfe
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (KFO50001)
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (TRR387)
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (TRR387/1-514894665)
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (TRR387/1-514894665)
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB-TRR 338/1 2021-452881907)
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB1583 DECIDE (#492620490; project Z02))
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (442740310)
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB1583 DECIDE (#492620490; project Z02))
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB-TRR 338/1 2021-452881907)
Stiftung zur Förderung der Krebsforschung an der Universität Würzburg Mildred Scheel Early Career Center (MSNZ) Stifterverband
German Ministry for Science and Education
BMBF/ INTERACT Advanced Clinician Scientist Program at Wuerzburg University
Article History
Received: 15 August 2025
Revised: 12 February 2026
Accepted: 10 March 2026
First Online: 31 March 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare the following competing interests: KMK reports personal fees from BMS, AbbVie, GSK, Takeda, Sanofi, and Menarini; grants and personal fees from Janssen. CH is a current employee and owner of MLL Munich Leukemia Laboratory. HE reports grants and other support from Janssen, BMS, Amgen, GSK, and Sanofi, as well as further support from Takeda and Novartis. LR reports personal fees from BMS, Janssen, Pfizer, Amgen, GSK, and Sanofi. JW reports personal fees from Janssen, Sanofi, Takeda, Pfizer, Oncopeptides, Menarini-Stemline, Skyline D,x and GSK, and research support from BMS. BK is co-founder and shareholder of MSAID. He has no operational role in the company. All other authors declare no competing interests.
: All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations. All donors provided written informed consent to participate in research protocols approved by the Institutional Review Board of the University of Wuerzburg (287/21-me).