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Article History

Received: 20 March 2026

Revised: 27 March 2026

Accepted: 3 April 2026

First Online: 23 April 2026

Competing interests

: AH: honoraria from Novartis (institutional), Incyte (institutional); consulting or advisory role for Novartis, Incyte; research funding from Bristol Myers Squibb (institutional), Enliven Therapeutics (institutional), Incyte (institutional), Novartis (institutional), Pfizer (institutional), Terns Pharmaceuticals (institutional); travel, accommodationsand expenses from Johnson & Johnson, Novartis. PlC: honoraria from Incyte, Novartis. DM: honoraria from Ascentage Pharma, Incyte, Novartis, Pfizer; research funding from Incyte, Pfizer. DDHK: honoraria from Novartis, Sanofi; research funding from Novartis; participation in an advisory board meeting for Novartis, Sanofi. CP: honoraria from Novartis, Ascentage Pharma, Pfizer; participation in an advisory board meeting and speakers’ bureau for Novartis; participation in speakers’ bureau for BMS, Pint Pharma; participation in an advisory board meeting for Pfizer. FEN: consulting or advisory role for Novartis, Incyte Biosciences; membership of board of directors or advisory committees for Azurity Pharmaceuticals, GSK, Incyte, Novartis, Terns Pharmaceuticals; institutional research funding from Incyte Biosciences Europe, Novartis; participation in speakers’ bureau for Incyte Biosciences, Novartis. BM: participation in speakers’ bureau for Novartis, Pfizer and Takeda. GE: consulting or advisory role for Incyte, Novartis, Pfizer. FMdL: participation in an advisory board meeting and speakers’ bureau for Novartis. RMAD: equity shareholder for Altum Sequencing Co; participation in speakers’ bureau for GSK, BMS, Servier. MB: honoraria from AbbVie, AOP Health, Bristol Myers Squibb/Celgene, GlaxoSmithKline, Incyte, Novartis, and Pfizer. CC: honoraria from Bristol-Myers Squibb, Chiltern International, Korea Otsuka Pharmaceutical, Novartis Oncology, and Pfizer. RAR, HP, AIC, PS, VP and FA: Novartis employment. CMB: membership on an entity’s board of directors or advisory committees and participation in speakers’ bureau for Janssen and Novartis; participation in speakers’ bureau for Pint Pharma. SML, TN, SG, and CDP FMdL have no conflict of interest to declare.