Lei, Tianqi https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5105-3060
Song, Yunxiang https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3879-4777
Xue, Yanyun
Gong, Qihuang
LonĨar, Marko https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5029-5017
Hu, Yaowen https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0127-1959
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2022M3K4A1094782, NRF-2022M3K4A1094782)
Article History
Received: 22 April 2025
Revised: 26 August 2025
Accepted: 9 September 2025
First Online: 22 October 2025
Conflict of interest
: M.L. is involved in developing lithium niobate technologies at HyperLight Corporation. Q.G. is an Editor for the journal, and no other author has reported any competing interests.