Chen, Shufan
Fan, Yubin
Li, Hao
Qiu, Xiaodong
Wang, Ben https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0484-4572
Zhang, Lijian https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3247-9189
Xiao, Shumin https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0751-9556
Tsai, Din Ping https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0883-9906
Funding for this research was provided by:
City University of Hong Kong (Project No. 9380131, 9610628, and 7005867)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (62375232)
Article History
Received: 7 April 2025
Revised: 3 September 2025
Accepted: 19 September 2025
First Online: 12 January 2026
Conflict of interest
: A US patent (12,326,665, Active) and a China patent (CN119069373A, Pending) were filed covering the technology described in this paper. These patents are directly related to the specific technical aspects presented in the manuscript, and the potential economic value of these patents may be affected by the publication of this research.