Wang, Yangqian
Jia, Hui
Park, Jae-Seong https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6486-2342
Zeng, Haotian
Marko, Igor P.
Bentley, Matthew
Hajraoui, Khalil El
Liu, Shangfeng
Yang, Bo
Dear, Calum
Bai, Mengxun
Deng, Huiwen
Chen, Chong
Yuan, Jiajing
Li, Jun
Liu, Kongming
Duffy, Dominic A.
Yan, Zhao https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5543-6969
Wang, Zihao https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4035-1684
Sweeney, Stephen J. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8561-6071
Zhuang, Qiandong
Ramasse, Quentin M. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7466-2283
Chen, Siming
Tang, Mingchu https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6626-3389
Li, Qiang
Seeds, Alwyn
Liu, Huiyun https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7654-8553
Funding for this research was provided by:
RCUK | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/X035123/1)
RCUK | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/W021080/1)
RCUK | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/V029606/1)
RCUK | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/V029681/1)
RCUK | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/Z532848/1)
RCUK | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/X015300/1)
RCUK | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/T028475/1)
RCUK | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/S024441/1)
RCUK | Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/P006973/1)
Article History
Received: 15 August 2025
Revised: 18 November 2025
Accepted: 11 December 2025
First Online: 12 January 2026
Conflict of interest
: The authors declare no competing interests.