Gao, Yunhui https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2491-5673
Cao, Liangcai https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8099-2948
Tsai, Din Ping https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0883-9906
Funding for this research was provided by:
Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (C5031-22G)
Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (CityU11305223)
Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (AoE/P-502/20)
Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (C5031-22G)
Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (CityU11305223)
Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (CityU11300224)
Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (AoE/P-502/20)
Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (C5031-22G)
Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (CityU11305223)
Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee (CityU11300224)
City University of Hong Kong (9380131)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (62375232)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (624B2080)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (62235009)
Article History
Received: 19 June 2025
Revised: 30 January 2026
Accepted: 11 February 2026
First Online: 16 March 2026
Conflict of interest
: The authors declare no competing interests.