Beydoun, May A. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1050-4523
Beydoun, Hind A.
Hu, Yi-Han http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0882-6563
Li, Zhiguang
Georgescu, Michael F.
Noren Hooten, Nicole http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1683-3838
Bouhrara, Mustapha
Weiss, Jordan
Launer, Lenore J. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3238-7612
Evans, Michele K.
Zonderman, Alan B. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6523-4778
Article History
Received: 15 November 2023
Revised: 10 July 2024
Accepted: 15 July 2024
First Online: 30 July 2024
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The studies involving human participants were reviewed and approved by the UK Biobank which has approval from the Institutional Review Boards, namely, the North West Multi-center Research Ethics Committee for the United Kingdom, from the National Information Governance Board for Health and Social Care for England and Wales, and from the Community Health Index Advisory Group for Scotland. All participants gave informed consent for the study via a touch-screen interface that required agreement for all individual statements on the consent form as well as the participant’s signature on an electronic pad. Written informed consent for participation was not required for this study in accordance with the National Legislation and the Institutional Requirements.