Willis, Caryn https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1117-8395
White, Julie D. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2235-4817
Minto, Melyssa S. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5438-7285
Quach, Bryan C.
Han, Shizhong https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5114-6742
Tao, Ran
Shin, Joo Heon https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5563-8605
Deep-Soboslay, Amy
Hyde, Thomas M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8746-3037
Mayfield, R. Dayne https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8045-1789
Webb, Bradley T. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0576-5366
Johnson, Eric O. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8870-1949
Kleinman, Joel E. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4210-6052
Bierut, Laura J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9952-4810
Hancock, Dana B. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2240-3604
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (AA027049)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (AA027049)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (AA027049)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (AA027049)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (AA027049)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (AA027049)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (AA027049)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (AA027049)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (AA027049)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R01 AA012404)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (U01 AA020926)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (AA027049)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (AA027049)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (AA027049)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (AA027049)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (AA027049)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
Article History
Received: 19 February 2024
Revised: 25 September 2024
Accepted: 30 September 2024
First Online: 12 October 2024
Competing interests
: The following authors declare no conflict of interest: CDW, JDW, MSM, BCQ, SH, RT, JHS, AD-S, TMH, RDM, BTW, EOJ, and DBH. JEK is a member of a drug monitoring committee for an antipsychotic drug trial for Merck. LJB is listed as an inventor on U.S. Patent 8,080,371, ‘Markers for Addiction’ covering the use of certain SNPs in determining the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of addiction.
: Informed consent for brain donation was obtained by LIBD from the deceased’s next of kin, in compliance with local and federal protocols (refer to PMC6808324), and this study was conducted in accordance with all relevant guidelines and regulations for the use of postmortem human brain tissue.