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Article History

Received: 21 January 2024

Revised: 5 November 2024

Accepted: 6 November 2024

First Online: 25 November 2024

Competing interests

: All authors, except Achille Gravanis, declare that they have not any competing financial interests in relation to the work described. Dr Achille Gravanis is the co-founder of spin-off Bionature EA LTD, proprietary of compound BNN27 (patented with the WO 2008/ 1555 34 A2 number at the World Intellectual Property Organization). Gravanis A is co-founder of Bionature E.A. Ltd. The BNN compounds are proprietary and patented by the Bionature E.A. Ltd ( ) (Patent Number: WO2008/155534 A2).

: The study was conducted according to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki, and approved by the Ethics Committee of FORTH (protocol code 262272 and date of approval 29 October 2018, FORTH Institute animal license: EL91-BIObr-01 and EL91-BIOexp-02). All primary cells derived from animals that were grouped housed in the Animal House of the Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB-FoRTH, Heraklion, Greece), in a temperature-controlled facility on a 12-h light/dark cycle, fed by standard chow diet and water ad libitum. All research activities strictly adhered to the EU adopted Directive 2010/63/EU on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes. All procedures were performed under the approval of Veterinary Directorate of Prefecture of Heraklion (Crete) and carried out in compliance with Greek Government guidelines and the guidelines of FORTH ethics committee and were performed in accordance with approved protocols from the Federation of European Laboratory Animal Science Associations (FELASA) and Use of Laboratory animals [License number: EL91-BIOexp-02), Approval Code: 360667, Approval Date: 29/11/2021 (active for 3 years)].