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Authors
Li, Qingyang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0474-3579
Cao, Miao https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0003-617X
Stein, Dan J. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7218-7810
Sahakian, Barbara J. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7352-1745
Jia, Tianye https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5399-2953
Langley, Christelle https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5061-2820
Gu, Zixin
Hou, Wenjie https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3418-2768
Lu, Han
Cao, Luolong
Lin, Jinran
Shi, Runye https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1388-2079
Banaschewski, Tobias https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4595-1144
Bokde, Arun L. W. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0114-4914
Desrivières, Sylvane https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9120-7060
Flor, Herta https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4809-5398
Grigis, Antoine
Garavan, Hugh https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8939-1014
Gowland, Penny https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4900-4817
Heinz, Andreas https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5405-9065
Brühl, Rüdiger https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0111-5996
Martinot, Jean-Luc https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0136-0388
Artiges, Eric https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4461-7646
Nees, Frauke https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7796-8234
Papadopoulos Orfanos, Dimitri https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1242-8990
Paus, Tomáš https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1495-9338
Poustka, Luise
Hohmann, Sarah https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5175-6698
Baeuchl, Christian
Smolka, Michael N. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5398-5569
Vaidya, Nilakshi
Walter, Henrik https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9403-6121
Whelan, Robert https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2790-7281
Schumann, Gunter https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7740-6469
Feng, Jianfeng https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5987-2258
Luo, Qiang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0426-6039
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Article History
Received: 18 May 2024
Revised: 17 December 2024
Accepted: 22 January 2025
First Online: 1 February 2025
Competing interests
: Dr Banaschewski served in an advisory or consultancy role for Lundbeck, Medice, Neurim Pharmaceuticals, Oberberg GmbH, Shire. He received conference support or speaker’s fee by Lilly, Medice, Novartis and Shire. He has been involved in clinical trials conducted by Shire & Viforpharma. He received royalties from Hogrefe, Kohlhammer, CIP Medien, Oxford University Press. The present work is unrelated to the above grants and relationships. Dr Poustka served in an advisory or consultancy role for Roche and Viforpharm and received speaker’s fee by Shire. She received royalties from Hogrefe, Kohlhammer and Schattauer. The present work is unrelated to the above grants and relationships. Dr. Stein has received consultancy honoraria from Discovery Vitality, Johnson & Johnson, Kanna, L’Oreal, Lundbeck, Orion, Sanofi, Servier, Takeda and Vistagen. The other authors report no biomedical financial interests or potential competing interests.
: Methods were carried out in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations. Ethical approval for the ABCD Study was granted by the institutional review boards of the University of California (San Diego) and each participating ABCD site, following their approved protocols, state regulations, and local guidelines. The IMAGEN project had obtained ethical approval by the local ethics committees, including King’s College London, University of Nottingham, Trinity College Dublin, University of Heidelberg, Technische Universität Dresden, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, and University Medical Center, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. Informed consent was obtained from all participants.
