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Authors
Cheng, Xiaoqin
Wang, Zhenghong
He, Kun https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6969-3488
Xia, Yingfeng
Wang, Ying
Guo, Qihao
Xie, Fang https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2667-281X
Yuan, Peng https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4051-4447
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Article History
Received: 15 March 2024
Revised: 22 May 2025
Accepted: 4 August 2025
First Online: 12 August 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study of C-PAS cohort was approved by the Independent Ethics Committee “Huashan Hospital Institutional Review Board (HIRB), Fudan University” (approval number: KY-2017-406), and all participants gave written informed consent. All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.
: We confirm that all human subjects provided informed consent in the study.
