Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Deary, Ian J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1733-263X
Harris, Sarah E. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4941-5106
Russ, Tom C. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9797-2188
Cox, Simon R. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4036-3642
Corley, Janie https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7551-1871
-
Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (R01AG054628, U01AG083829)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (U01AG083829)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (R01AG054628, U01AG083829)
RCUK | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/W008793/1)
RCUK | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/W008793/1)
RCUK | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/W008793/1)
RCUK | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/W008793/1)
RCUK | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/W008793/1)
RCUK | MRC | Medical Research Foundation (MR/X003434/1)
RCUK | Medical Research Council (MR/X003434/1)
RCUK | Medical Research Council (MR/X003434/1)
Wellcome Trust (221890/Z/20/Z)
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 16 April 2025
Revised: 19 August 2025
Accepted: 16 September 2025
First Online: 6 October 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: All participants provided written informed consent. Ethical approval for the LBC1921 study was provided by the Lothian Research Ethics Committee for test waves 1–3 at ages 79, 83 and 87 (LREC/1998/4/183, LREC/2003/7/23, 1702/98/4/183) and the Scotland A Research Ethics Committee for test wave 4 at age 90 (10/MRE00/87, 10/MRE00/87). Ethical approval for the LBC1936 study was obtained from the Multicentre Research Ethics Committee for Scotland (baseline, MREC/01/0/56), the Lothian Research Ethics Committee (age 70, LREC/2003/2/29), and the Scotland A Research Ethics Committee (ages 73, 76, 79, 82, 07/MRE00/58). All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.
