Feng, Danyong https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7279-8705
Li, Dongyun
Hu, Chunchun
Tian, Yuxin
Xu, Xiu
Hagerman, Randi Jenssen https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5029-8448
Xu, Qiong https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8065-8766
Li, Rihui https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8006-7333
Article History
Received: 8 July 2025
Revised: 12 October 2025
Accepted: 6 November 2025
First Online: 14 November 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
: The study was conducted in compliance with the declaration of Helsinki, approved by the Ethics Committee of Children’s Hospital of Fudan University (approval number: 2021-312). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants (or their legal guardians) after detailed information notification before participation in the study.