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Authors
Kiltschewskij, Dylan J. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0855-8757
Reay, William R. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7689-2453
Cairns, Murray J. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2490-2538
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Department of Health | National Health and Medical Research Council (G1147644)
Department of Health | National Health and Medical Research Council (G1188493)
Department of Health | National Health and Medical Research Council (G1121474)
Department of Health | National Health and Medical Research Council (2025671)
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Article History
Received: 7 July 2025
Revised: 11 December 2025
Accepted: 25 January 2026
First Online: 6 February 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study did not require review by the University of Newcastle Human Research Ethics Committee as it exclusively involves analysis of publicly available, aggregated summary statistics with no access to individual-level participant data. For all contributing studies, ethical approval was previously obtained in relation to sample collection and analysis, and informed consent (either written or verbally recorded) was given by participants or next of kin (see citing work in methods).
