Okewole, Adeniran https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1670-8516
Bourque, Vincent-Raphael https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9420-1724
Koko, Mahmoud https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9512-0184
Huguet, Guillaume https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4746-6030
Borglum, Anders D. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8627-7219
Grove, Jakob https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2284-5744
Jacquemont, Sebastien https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6838-8767
Baron-Cohen, Simon
Warrier, Varun
Funding for this research was provided by:
Wellcome Trust (214322\Z\18\Z)
Article History
Received: 11 July 2025
Revised: 20 August 2026
Accepted: 2 September 2026
First Online: 12 September 2026
Ethics
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Ethics: The Cambridge University Human Biology Research Ethics Committee provided ethical approval to access and analyse de-identified data from SPARK. The SPARK study is funded by the Simons Foundation and uses a single, central Institutional Review Board (WCG IRB Protocol #20151664). Informed consent was obtained by the SPARK study team from the participant or the caregiver/parent. All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.