Goldsmith, David R. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4002-175X
Ning, Courtney S.
Strauss, Gregory P.
Gross, Robin E.
Cooper, Jessica A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5373-1945
Wommack, Evanthia C.
Haroon, Ebrahim https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8817-1116
Felger, Jennifer C. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4354-2267
Walker, Elaine F.
Treadway, Michael T. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5913-114X
Miller, Andrew H. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8260-7997
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Mental Health (K23MH114037, K01MH126308, K01MH126308)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (KL2TR002381, UL1TR002378)
Article History
Received: 12 December 2024
Revised: 14 April 2025
Accepted: 15 April 2025
First Online: 24 April 2025
Competing interests
: Dr. Treadway has been a paid consultant to Boehringer Ingelheim and Dr. Miller has been a paid consultant to Freedom Biosciences, Cerevel Therapeutics, and Sirtsei Pharmaceuticals Inc. Of note, Dr. Strauss is one of the original developers of the Brief Negative Symptom Scale (BNSS) and receives royalties and consultation fees from Medavante-ProPhase LLC in connection with commercial use of the BNSS and other professional activities; these fees are donated to the Brain and Behavior Research Foundation. Dr. Strauss has received honoraria and travel support from Medavante-ProPhase LLC for training pharmaceutical company raters on the BNSS. Dr. Strauss has consulted for and/or been on the speaker bureau for Minerva Neurosciences, Acadia, Lundbeck, Sunovion, Boehringer Ingelheim, and Otsuka pharmaceutical companies. The remaining authors have nothing to disclose.