Jin, Jing
Wang, Yun
Wang, Pengfei
Qin, Qin
Wang, Zhimin
Jin, Yuening
Chen, Xiongying
Feng, Yuan
Fitzgerald, Paul B.
Zeidman, Peter
Zhou, Yuan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6378-1711
Wang, Gang https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3949-1188
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82101597)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82171535)
Scientific Research and Cultivation Program of Beijing Municipal Hospitals
Brain Science and Brain-like Intelligence Technology-National Science and Technology Major Project
Article History
Received: 10 October 2025
Revised: 25 January 2026
Accepted: 27 January 2026
First Online: 20 February 2026
Competing interests
: In the last 3 years, PBF has received equipment for research from Neurosoft and Nexstim. He has served on a scientific advisory board for Magstim and received speaker fees from Otsuka. He has also acted as a founder and board member for TMS Clinics Australia and Resonance Therapeutics. Other authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. This manuscript is original, and none of the materials in this paper has been previously published or are under consideration for publication elsewhere. All the listed authors have reviewed and approved the content.