Freeman, Clara https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2571-8871
Radoman, Milena https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3980-591X
Martins, Jorge S. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1776-8855
Lacadie, Cheryl
Seo, Dongju
Sinha, Rajita https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3012-4349
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R01AA026844)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R01AA013892)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R01AA026514)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Drug Abuse (T32DA022975)
Article History
Received: 30 October 2025
Revised: 30 January 2026
Accepted: 23 February 2026
First Online: 6 March 2026
Competing interests
: Dr. Sinha has received research funds from Aelis Farma, Aptinyx, and CT Pharma and has served as a consultant for Imbrium Therapeutics. The other authors have nothing to disclose.