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Authors
Siddik, Md Abu Bakkar https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3550-946X
Feizy, Zahra
Nateqi, Masoud
Hegde, Vijay https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4160-2764
Dhurandhar, Nikhil V. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1356-1064
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Article History
Received: 22 May 2025
Revised: 14 October 2025
Accepted: 24 October 2025
First Online: 24 November 2025
Competing interests
: As inventor, NVD has received several patents in viral obesity and adenovirus 36, including uses for E1A, E4oRF1 gene and protein, and AKT1inhibitor, and has received past grant support from Vital Health Interventions for determining anti-diabetic properties of E4-ORF1 protein. On behalf of Drs. Dhurandhar and Hegde, Texas Tech University has applied for additional patents. NVD and VH recently received funding from Insparin Inc, which is a company created to advance the development of E4orf1 as a therapeutic agent. NVD owns shares in Insparin Ins. Other authors did not have any conflict of interest.
: All animal experiments were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations. The experimental procedures were approved by Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) at Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX. This study did not involve human participants; therefore, informed consent and consent for publication are not applicable.
