Zhang, Bin https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3198-7162
Xi, Sijie https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0657-5833
Hao, Runrun https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5392-0538
Zhan, Zhaolong
Shi, Zhonghua https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8728-9158
Yuan, Xiaosong https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2629-2243
Article History
Received: 16 January 2025
Revised: 28 January 2026
Accepted: 24 February 2026
First Online: 7 March 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Changzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital (ZD201803). Owing to the anonymous data recorded in the present study, the requirement for written informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee of Changzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital. All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.