Ozawa, Hiroki https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3771-7940
Wang, Yin
Withers, Henry G. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9746-9352
Haratake, Naoki
Nakashoji, Ayako
Bhattacharya, Atrayee
Fushimi, Atsushi
Kikutake, Chie
Yamanoi, Kazuhiro
White, Shaowen
Wang, Keyi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5656-2115
Daimon, Tatsuaki
Shigeta, Keisuke
Fukuda, Kazumasa
Kawakubo, Hirofumi
Kitagawa, Yuko
Long, Mark D. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1120-8176
Gewurz, Benjamin E.
Kufe, Donald https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5743-8888
Funding for this research was provided by:
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Cancer Institute (CA97098, CA233084, CA267138, CA275301, AI164709, AI170751)
Article History
Received: 12 May 2025
Revised: 26 June 2025
Accepted: 23 July 2025
First Online: 5 August 2025
Competing interests
: DK has equity interests in Genus Oncology and is a paid consultant to CanBas. The other authors declared no potential conflicts of interest.
: All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations. The IHC study was approved by Keio University (approval number: 20190057) with informed consent obtained from all participants. IHC images were derived from de-identified human tissue samples. The images do not contain information that can be used to identify individual participants. Written informed consent for publication of the images was therefore not applicable.