Upreti, Meenakshi https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3727-2410
Petrosyan, Astgik
Thornton, Matthew E. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1083-2703
Hovsepyan, Anahit
Fernandez, G. Esteban
Koos, David S.
Byrum, Stephanie D.
Mackintosh, Samuel G.
Al-Husseini, Jacob K.
Porras, Tania
Ha, Joseph
Tackett, Alan J.
Zhang, Miqin
Johal, Malkiat S.
Erdreich-Epstein, Anat
Durham, Susan
Krieger, Mark D.
Margol, Ashley S.
Grubbs, Brendan H.
Chambers, Timothy C.
Asgharzadeh, Shahab
Moats, Rex A.
Chiarelli, Peter A.
Funding for this research was provided by:
United States Department of Defense | United States Army | Army Medical Command | Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs (CDMRP RA210290, CDMRP RA210290, CDMRP RA210290)
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (K08NS125175-01A1, K08NS125175-01A1)
Alternatives Research and Development Foundation
Children's Cancer Research Fund
Cellular Imaging Core Pilot to MU (Imaging Services) Schwartz Family
U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R24GM137786, R24GM137786, R24GM137786)
Article History
Received: 10 December 2024
Revised: 15 July 2025
Accepted: 4 August 2025
First Online: 6 September 2025
Competing interests
: (a)The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. (b) All research activities undertaken were conducted in accordance with strict ethical principles and in compliance with regulations and policies that were reviewed and duly approved by the CHLA Regulatory Oversight Committees, Institutional Biosafety Committee (IBC-20-003 and IBC-24-008) and Institutional Review Board (CHLA-21-00319). (c) Informed consent was obtained from all participants for collecting the blood samples and processed in accordance with an institutional review board approved protocol.