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Authors
Wei, Xiaobao
Wu, Jiangchao
Cao, Wanyue
Chen, Qitai
Shao, Zhenduo
Hu, Chengyang
Zhang, Yize
Weng, Weining
Meng, Tao
Meng, Xun
Liang, Tingbo https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0143-3353
Zhang, Qi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6096-0690
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Article History
Received: 24 January 2025
Revised: 6 August 2025
Accepted: 2 September 2025
First Online: 10 September 2025
Competing interests
: Dr. Xun Meng and Weining Weng work in and holds share of Multitude Therapeutics and Abmart Inc. Tao Meng works in MabCare Therapeutics and HySlink Therapeutics. The other authors declare no conflict of interest.
: All experimental procedures involving animals were reviewed and approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) of the First Affiliated Hospital, School of medicine, Zhejiang University (Approval No. 2024-1177). A copy of the ethics committee’s approval letter is available as online supplementary material. Human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) specimens were surgically obtained from the Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Department. This study protocol received ethical clearance from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University (Approval No. IIT20240569). Written informed consent was acquired from all participating subjects prior to tissue collection. All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.
