Brooke, G. N. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4501-4134
Leach, D. A. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3203-9826
Culley, R. L.
Azadova, A.
Latonen, L. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4502-2193
Rees, E.
Alkheilewi, M. A.
Pine, A. C.
Fioretti, F. M.
Reader, C. S.
Powell, S. M.
Reebye, V.
Waxman, J.
Visakorpi, T.
Bevan, C. L. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7533-0552
Funding for this research was provided by:
RCUK | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/W020033/1)
RCUK | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/X018997/1)
RCUK | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/X511171/1)
RCUK | MRC | Medical Research Foundation
Rosetrees Trust
RCUK | Medical Research Council
The Urology Foundation/John Black Charitable Foundation and Wellcome Institutional Strategic Support Fund
Academy of Finland
Sigrid Juséliuksen Säätiö
Syöpäjärjestöt
King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre
Prostate Cancer UK
Ministry of Science and Education, Republic of Azerbaijan
Article History
Received: 7 May 2025
Revised: 12 December 2025
Accepted: 25 January 2026
First Online: 6 February 2026
Change Date: 9 March 2026
Change Type: Update
Change Details: In this article funding number 'RIA17-ST2-017' in the Funding information section was incorrectly given as 'RIA17-ST2-017'.
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Approval for the use of patient samples was granted by the ethical committee of the Tampere University Hospital and the National Authority for Medicolegal Affairs and all samples were collected with informed consent. All methods were performed in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations.