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Authors
Li, Tian-jiao https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7428-0610
Dou, Zhi-chao
Li, Mao
Wang, Xiao-chen
Liang, Xin-hua https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0718-3658
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Article History
Received: 4 October 2025
Revised: 13 July 2026
Accepted: 3 August 2026
First Online: 20 August 2026
Ethics
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Ethical approval: The study protocol for patient samples was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Affiliated West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University (WCHSIRB-D-2023-162) and conformed to the ethical standards for medical research involving human subjects, as laid out in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. Participants provided written informed consent before taking part in the study. The study protocol for the animal experiments was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee of Affiliated West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University (WCHSIRB-D-2023-313).
