Everson, Todd M.
Kaczor, Kim
Makoroff, Kathi
Meyers, Gabriel
Rosado, Norell
Charleston, Elizabeth
Bertocci, Gina
Young, Audrey
Flores, Janet
Lehnig, Katie
Pierce, Mary Clyde
Article History
Received: 24 March 2022
Revised: 8 November 2022
Accepted: 1 December 2022
First Online: 9 January 2023
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: For patients undergoing abuse evaluations, a waiver of authorization was granted to avoid interference with the evaluation process. For patients not undergoing an abuse evaluation, informed consent was obtained from legal guardians. This study was reviewed and approved by both Lurie Children’s Hospital and Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Institutional Review Boards (IRBs).