Tang, Weitao
Peng, Yuanzhou
Dou, Yalan
Zhang, Yi
Zhang, Xiaohua
Wang, Liuhui
Li, Ming
Yan, Weili
Ye, Ying
Article History
Received: 15 March 2024
Revised: 13 July 2024
Accepted: 12 August 2024
First Online: 30 August 2024
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study population was from the MKNFOAD birth cohort in Shanghai. The MKNFOAD protocol was approved by the institutional ethics review board (approval number: 2016-34) and was registered at (NCT 02889081). Signed informed consent was obtained from the legal guardians of participants before data collection began.