Zhao, Jia
Cui, Naixue
Li, Yan
Wang, Guanghai
Hu, Shunpeng
Hao, Yinjun
Liu, Jianghong
Article History
Received: 19 September 2024
Revised: 12 December 2024
Accepted: 31 January 2025
First Online: 22 February 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Informed consents were obtained from all participants and the study obtained approval from the Ethics Committee of the School of Nursing and Rehabilitation of Shandong University (Ref no. 2021-R-014).