Zhu, Hongzhen
Oliveras-Julià, Pol
Hasperhoven, Gea F.
van Leeuwen, Luca L.
de Bruijn, Ad C. J. M.
Verwijs, Marijn C.
van Rossum, Annemarie M. C.
Kornelisse, René F.
Stol, Kim
Unger, Wendy W. J.
Article History
Received: 17 March 2025
Revised: 15 July 2025
Accepted: 31 July 2025
First Online: 3 October 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study was approved by the hospital’s Medical Research Ethics Committee (ID MEC-2020-0159). Parents provided informed consent to use left-over materials, including tracheal aspirates.