Updates are available Correction dated 2026-05-05

Article History

Received: 4 October 2024

Revised: 6 August 2025

Accepted: 24 August 2025

First Online: 18 September 2025

Change Date: 5 May 2026

Change Type: Update

Change Details: The original online version of this article was revised: In the original version of this article, the outcome was described as Type II diabetes. However, the National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH) data from 2016-2020 did not distinguish between Type I and Type II diabetes, as separate survey items for each type were only introduced beginning in 2021. Therefore, all references to ‘Type II diabetes’ in the manuscript should be interpreted as referring to parent-reported diabetes without specification of type. The terminology has been revised throughout the manuscript to “diabetes" to accurately reflect the data source. The authors confirm that all analyses were re-run and that the results and conclusions remain unchanged.

Change Date: 5 May 2026

Change Type: Correction

Change Details: A Correction to this paper has been published:

Change Details: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-026-05054-9

Competing interests

: The authors declare no competing interests.