Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Fu, Ting Ting
King, Carla M.
Kim, Jae H.
Meinzen-Derr, Jareen
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 27 May 2025
Revised: 10 September 2025
Accepted: 10 December 2025
First Online: 15 January 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no direct conflicts but do share the following financial disclosures. T.T.F. has a speaking agreement with Medela. J.H.K. is a consultant for Medela, Mother’s Milk is Best, Infant Biotherapeutics, Biomilq, has a sponsored research grant with Fresenius Kabi, and is a shareholder for Astarte Medical and Nicolette. He is an unpaid Scientific Advisor to the NEC Society. The other authors have no financial disclosures. Research was conducted independently of these relationships.
: Parental consent was obtained for the participation of both the lactating parent and infant.
